WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT ANAL FISSURES

WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT ANAL FISSURE
An anal fissure is a cut or tear occurring in the anus (the opening through which stool passes out of the body) that extends upwards into the anal canal. It affects men and women equally and both the young and the old. It usually causes pain during bowel movements.
Anal fissures occur the specialized tissue that lines the anus and anal canal called anoderm. They are caused by trauma to the anus and anal canal. The cause of the trauma usually is a bowel movement and many patients can remember the exact bowel movement during which their pain began. The fissure may be caused by a hard stool or repeated episodes of diarrhea.
Patients with anal fissures almost experience anal pain that worsens with bowel movements. The pain following a bowel movement may be brief or long lasting; however the pain usually subsides between bowel movements. The pain can be so severe that patients are unwilling to have a bowel movement, resulting in constipation and even fecal impaction. Constipation can result in the passing discomfort when urinating (dysuria), frequent urination or the inability to urinate. Bleeding in small amounts, itching (pruritus ani) and a malodorous discharge may occur due to discharge of pus from the fissure.
Initially, they are treated conservatively by adding bulk to the stool, softening the stool, consuming a high fiber diet, avoiding sharp or poorly digested foods and utilizing sitz baths. Ointments containing anaesthetics, steroids, nitroglycerin and calcium channel blocking drugs are used for treating anal fissures that fail to heal with less conservative management. Injections of botulinum toxin may be effective when ointments are not effective. Surgery by lateral sphincterotomy is the gold standard for curing anal fissures.
http://www.dataentryjobs.us/39310.html